The founder-to-operator transition has become a formal discipline
What used to be handled by instinct and an executive coach now has a repeatable structure.
The moment a founder-led company crosses roughly five hundred employees, the job changes from invention to institution-building. Most founders know this. Comparatively few sequence it well.
The pattern that works is consistent: hire the finance leader before the operating leader, define the decision rights before the org chart, and preserve exactly one domain where the founder remains the final authority.
The failure mode is equally consistent. A founder delegates the visible operational surface, retains informal veto over everything, and produces an executive team that escalates by default.